Laser guideway detector, a special high-precision laser detection instrument developed by absorbing foreign advanced experience, is mainly used to measure the straightness and levelness of guideway of large equipment.
1, the composition of the instrumentRD-L laser guideway detector consists of laser light source, receiving target (hereinafter referred to as receiving target), reference positioning target, laser level and brush.
1.1 laser light source
The laser light source consists of a main body, an angle fine-tuning knob, a laser generator, a long bubble, a magnetic adsorption base and a battery box.
1.2 Two-dimensional digital display centering receiving target
The receiving target consists of an electronic digital micrometer, a two-dimensional translation table, a long bubble, a magnetic adsorption target car, a forward reticle and a lateral reticle.
1.3 reference positioning target
The reference positioning target consists of a long bubble, a reticle and a magnet adsorption base.1.4 laser levelWhich is used for rapidly generating a horizontal reference line. Suitable for short distance to establish horizontal datum.2. Technical parametersStandard deviation of straightness: ≤1mm2.1 laser light sourceMeasuring scope: 1m-70m.Diameter of central spot around the mountain: φ≤2.5mm when L = 35; L = 70, φ ≤ 5 mm.The human eye reading error of the reticle is ≤ 0.5 mm.Laser life: > 5000 hLaser wavelength: 658nmLaser continuous working time: 8h.2.2 Receiving targetMeasuring range: 25mm×25mm.Resolution of digital micrometer: 0.001 mm.Digital micrometer power supply: 1.5V button battery.2.3 laser levelthe key technical indexesHorizontal accuracy ≤ 48 "Anping accuracy 0.8 "Anping range 30Anping time ≤8s, first time ≤50s.The measuring range is 0 ~ 32mMeasuring wavelengths are 650nm and 635nm.Output power 1mwPower supply: 2 No.7 dry batteries, 3VTemperature range-5℃ ~+40℃Instrument size ≤ 40× 60× 78 mmInstrument weight ≤170g3. Measurement principle and actual operation.3.1 "Contour measurement method" to measure straightnessIn terms of measurement principle, the contour measurement method directly establishes a 70-meter-long chord parallel to the track in space, which makes the indirect measurement method become the direct measurement method. Establish a 70m datum line parallel to the rail top and rail direction of the guide rail. Use this datum line to measure the deviation of each measuring point within 70m.
The specific operation steps are as follows:1. Place the "laser light source" and the "reference positioning target" at the two ends of the rail to be measured, and both of them are adjusted horizontally. Then, adjust the adjustment knob on the laser light source to change the angle of laser emission, so that the laser can be aimed at the center of the reticle of the reference positioning target again in the distance.2. At this time, a datum line has been established in space, which is parallel to the top surface and the rail direction surface of the two reference points of the track. Place the "receiving target" on the guide rail, adjust the knob of the "digital ruler" and align the center of the "positive reticle" with the laser spot. Finally, set the value of "digital ruler" to zero.3. You can enter the measurement after completing the above operations. At this time, if the track is smooth, the "receiving target" moves at each measured point between the two reference points, and the light spot is always at the center of the reticle. On the contrary, the spot is not in the center of the reticle, which means that the track is not smooth. Align the reticle with the laser light spot again to measure the distance between the light spot and the target center, and determine the rail top height and rail direction deviation through the reading of "digital ruler".This method is mainly to establish a reference line parallel to the guide rail. Then, samples are taken at different locations. Then observe the deviation value to achieve the accurate measurement of the straightness of the guide rail. The difficulty of this method is to establish parallel reference lines. The operating distance of the instrument is far, so it is not easy to adjust. However, the measurement results of this method are intuitive and do not need to be calculated, and the values displayed by the digital ruler can be directly used. At the same time, this method can measure the straightness of any position without fixed-point sampling measurement.3.2 "Direct measurement method" to measure straightnessThe specific principle is that the laser line emitted by the laser is taken as a straight line reference, and the data is sampled by using the "receiving target" to align the laser spot around the mountain at different positions, and then the position data information corresponding to the laser is recorded, and then the straightness of the guide rail is obtained through calculation.The specific operation steps are as follows:1. Place the "laser light source" at one end of the guide rail, and then place the "receiving target" at the other end or near the "laser light source" (the distance is about 1m). Adjust the instrument to a level. Then, adjust the digital ruler adjustment knob on the "receiving target" to make the "forward reticle" aim at the laser spot. Finally, set the digital ruler to zero and prepare for measurement.2, according to the relative position of the instrument, from far to near, or from near to far. Move the position of the "receiving target" on the track (the length can be specified according to the actual measurement. 5m or 2.5m is recommended), aim the "positive reticle" at the laser spot again, and record the reading of the digital ruler and the position between the instrument. Repeat step 2 until enough data is measured or the distance between instruments reaches the maximum or minimum distance.3. Calculate the straightness of the guide rail according to the measured data. The specific calculation method is as follows:The data recorded during measurement are described in the two-dimensional coordinate system XY. The x-axis describes the distance data between instruments, and the y-axis describes the reading of "digital ruler" (horizontal or vertical reading). Then a straight line equation is obtained by the coordinates of the first and second points, and then the values on the X axis are respectively substituted into the straight line equation to obtain the corresponding Y value, and then compared with the actual value. If the values are the same, it means that the corresponding points are on the same straight line. On the other hand, it is considered that the corresponding points are not on the same straight line. The difference can be used as the deviation.
Note: the deviation angle of the laser should not be too large (it should be roughly parallel to the guide rail, or the measurement should be made from far to near), so as to avoid that the "receiving target" cannot aim at the laser at a long distance.3.3 Measure the levelness of guide railThe levelness of two guide rails can be measured by using "laser horizontal director" and "receiving target".The specific operation steps are as follows:1. Install the "receiving target" to the designated position of one of the two guide rails (the position where the straightness has been measured) and adjust it to the level, then place the "laser horizontal director" at the same position of the other guide rail and adjust it to the level. Turn on the laser to point to the "lateral reticle" of the "receiving target".2. Adjust the vertical "digital ruler fine adjustment knob" of the "receiving target" to adjust the height of the "lateral reticle" so that the center of the "lateral reticle" is aligned with the laser spot. Record the data of digital ruler.3. Swap the positions of "receiving target" and "laser horizontal director". Repeat step 1. Then, aim the center of the "lateral reticle" at the laser spot again. Record the data of digital ruler.4. Final calculation results. Subtract the two recorded values and then divide by 2, and the result is the horizontal deviation relationship between the two guide rails.Schematic diagram of operation:
2) By using the adjusting knob, the target surface of the "receiving target" can move horizontally and vertically, and the displacement will be accurately displayed on the digital ruler to measure the offset of the guide rail.3) The "reference positioning target" and "laser light source" can be self-calibrated. The schematic diagram is as follows:
Make the distances h1 and h2 equal and h3 and h4 equal as shown in the figure to ensure that the reference surfaces and centers of the two instruments are the same.
